Figure 3

Amino acids (other than glutamine) and fatty acids are not major sources of cytosolic acetyl-CoA in hypoxia. (A) Palmitate labeling in hypoxic (1% O₂) MDA-MB-468 cells, grown for 48 h in medium where branched chain amino acids plus lysine and threonine were substituted with their respective U-¹³C-labeled forms. (B) Same conditions, except that glucose and glutamine only or glucose and all amino acids, were substituted with the U-¹³C-labeled forms. (C) Palmitate labeling in hypoxic (1% O₂) MDA-MB-468 cells, grown in medium supplemented with 20 μM U-¹³C-palmitate for 48 h. Data are means ± SD of n = 3.