Fig. 3

Overexpression of ARG1 augments EMT and the migration ability of cancer cells. GFP-transfected CT26 mock control and CT26 Arg1 OE cells were established using the pMX-IRES-GFP vector. A Gene expression levels of Arg1 were investigated by qPCR. The mean values and SDs (n = 4) are indicated. *P < 0.05 by Student’s t-test. B ARG1 protein expression levels were evaluated by Western blotting. The mean values and SDs (n = 3) are indicated. *P < 0.05 by Student’s t-test. C Intracellular ARG1 activity was determined by EIA. The mean values and SDs (n = 4) are shown. *P < 0.05 by Student’s t-test. D GFP-transfected CT26 mock control and CT26 Arg1 OE cells (5 × 10⁶) were cultured for 24 h. Intracellular levels of l-Arginine, l-ornithine, l-citrulline, and urea were evaluated by HPLC, and the mean values and SDs (n = 4, three independent experiments) are shown. *P < 0.05 by Student’s t-test. E GFP-transfected CT26 mock control and CT26 Arg1 OE cells (5 × 10⁴) were cultured for 24 h. Migration ability was evaluated by Transwell assay at 24 h. Representative images are indicated. Bars represent 200 μM. The mean values and SDs (n = 4) are indicated. *P < 0.05 by Student’s t-test. F N-cadherin and E-cadherin protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting. Representative images are indicated. The mean values and SDs (n = 3) of the relative expression levels against α-tubulin are indicated. *P < 0.05 by Student’s t-test