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Fig. 7 | Cancer & Metabolism

Fig. 7

From: Lipopolysaccharide promotes metastasis via acceleration of glycolysis by the nuclear factor-κB/snail/hexokinase3 signaling axis in colorectal cancer

Fig. 7

Metformin reverses the effect of LPS on promoting cell movements and glycolysis through NF-κB/Snail-HK3. a Cells were pretreated with metformin at 0, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 mM for 1 h and then stimulated with 1μg/ml LPS for 24 h. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of inflammasome activation markers including Caspase-1-P20 and IL-1β-P17. b Metformin inhibited LPS-potentiated NF-κB, Snail, and HK3 expression. Cells were pretreated with 5mM metformin for 1 h, and then stimulated with LPS 1μg/ml for 24 hr. c LPS enhanced migration and invasion of CRC cells, which could be blocked by metformin. Cells were pretreated with 5 mM metformin for 1 h and then stimulated with 1μg/ml LPS for 24 h. OD values were measured by a microplate reader at 570 nm. d LPS upregulated glycolysis of CRC cells, which could be reversed by metformin. The initial glucose concentration was 5mM in culture medium. Cells were pretreated with 5 mM metformin for 1 h and then stimulated with 1μg/ml LPS for 24 h. Glucose consumption and lactate production were detected by glucose assay kit and lactic acid assay kit in the indicated times. e, f Images of luciferase signals (e) and quantification of photon flux (f) in metastatic luciferase foci in mice with tail-vein injection of untreated (UT), LPS treated, or LPS and metformin-treated RKO cells. g Survival curves of immunodeficient mice injected with untreated (UT), LPS treated, or LPS and metformin-treated RKO cells through tail-vein were plotted by Kaplan-Meier method and were compared by log-rank test. h Diagram of the effects of LPS on metastasis in CRC. LPS promotes metastasis through enhancing glycolysis via NF-κB/Snail/HK3 signaling axis, which could be reversed by metformin. Data are presented as mean±SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. N, nuclear; p-P65, phosphorylated P65

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