Fig. 2

Combined effect of 2DG and metformin on radiosensitisation. The effect of 2DG and metformin on the radiation-induced cell kill of a UVW/NAT (n = 3) cells after 24h drug treatment and b SK-N-BE(2c) cells after 24h (n = 4) or 48h (n = 2) drug treatment. c Growth inhibition of CHLA20-derived multicellular spheroids (n = 3) after 24h treatment with 2 Gy X-radiation (at the beginning of treatment), 10 mM metformin, or 5 mM 2DG, as single agents or in combination. Data expressed as percentage are under the volume-time curve (AUC). Representative CHLA20-derived spheroids are shown after 21-day treatment, × 5 magnification. Data are means ± SEM from the stated number of experimental repeats. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared to irradiated (IR) cells (a, b) or untreated control cells (c)