Fig. 4
Electrical potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane (ΔΨm) was sensitive to oligomycin following glucose refeeding. a Representative LSCM images of HEPG2-Glc and HEPG2-Gal dual-stained with mitotracker green-FM (MTG-FM) and non-quenching tetramethylrhodamine methylester (TMRM). ΔΨm values were determined using measured TMRM intensities and were mapped onto images using the math macro in ImageJ. b Median ΔΨm values obtained from 3D stacks of HEPG2-Glc and HEPG2-Gal cells with glucose refeeding (25 mM) followed by inhibition of the F1Fo ATPase with oligomycin A. c Median ΔΨm values obtained from 3D stacks of HEPG2-Glc and HEPG2-Gal cells with pyruvate refeeding (1 mM). d Median ΔΨm values obtained from 3D stacks of HEPG2-Glc and HEPG2-Gal cells with glutamine refeeding (4 mM). e Median ΔΨm values obtained from 3D stacks of HEPG2-Glc and HEPG2-Gal cells with glucose refeeding (25 mM) followed by inhibition of the F1Fo ATPase with oligomycin A. f Median ΔΨm values obtained from 3D stacks of HEPG2-Glc and HEPG2-Gal cells with pyruvate refeeding (1 mM). g Median ΔΨm values obtained from 3D stacks of HEPG2-Glc and HEPG2-Gal cells with glutamine refeeding (4 mM). N = 6/treatment/group. Data are mean ± SEM. Means were compared using a two-way ANOVA. Scale bars are 25 μm