Fig. 3
PFK15 causes calcium overload in MIA PaCa-2 but not HPSC: Fura-2 fluorescence microscopy was used to assess the effects of PFK15 on intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in MIA PaCa-2 cells (a) and human pancreatic stellate cells (HPSCs) (b). Cells were loaded with fura-2 dye and perfused with HEPES-PSS or HEPES-PSS containing 10 μM PFK15 for 40 min then HEPES-PSS containing 100 μM ATP. Traces were assessed for area under the curve (c) and maximum calcium increase (d). a and b are representative traces for MIA PaCa-2 and HPSCs respectively, c and d represent the mean ± SEM, n = 3–12 separate experiments, one-way ANOVA, ****p < 0.0005