Table 2 Mean serum beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB) (monthly), urine ketone levels (daily), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG, daily)
From: Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme with “classic” 4:1 ketogenic diet total meal replacement
Subject no. | Group no. | Serum BHB (mmol/l) | Urine ketone levels mg/dL | FPG (mg/dL) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | KD mean (min, max) 1 | Baseline | KD mean (min, max)1 | Baseline | KD mean (min, max) 1 | ||
1 | 1 | 2.972 | 2.51 (1.3–4.6) | 80 | 58.6 (15–160) | 76 | 76.91 (49–163) |
2 3 | 1 | NA4 | 2.33 (1–3) | 0 | 68.23 (0–80) | 1033 | 101.35 (77–162) |
3 | 1 | 0.07 | 3.66 (1.9–5.3) | 0 | 64.3 (15–160) | 73 | 85.82 (67–112) |
4 | 1 | 0.95 | 3.14 (1.5–6.54) | 0 | 63.66 (5–160) | 80 | 79.86 (64–98) |
5 | 2 | NA | 0.28 (0.1–0.5) | 0 | 4.7 (0–15) | 82 | 95.90 (73–108) |
6 | 2 | 0.36 | 1.08 (0.06–2.11) | 0 | 37.92 (5–80) | 106 | 105.46 (44–174) |
7 | 2 | 0.14 | NA | 0 | NA | 59 | NA |
8 | 2 | NA | 0.26 (0.08–0.4) | 0 | 24.69 (5–40) | 117 | 75.15 (65–94) |