Fig. 3

The CD38 locus undergoes CpG hypermethylation in prostate cancer. a Schematic representation of the CD38 locus. Note that the CpG island (green box) extends downstream of the transcriptional start site into the first intron. In silico analysis of publicly available reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) is shown below (heat map: red—dense methylation, green—no methylation). The location of the PCR amplicon used in subsequent COMPARE-MS experiments is indicated by the red box. b–e Methylation heat maps derived from COMPARE-MS analysis of benign prostate tissue (b), primary prostate cancers (c), and prostate cancer metastases (d, e) show hypermethylation of the CD38 in primary prostate cancer and prostate cancer metastases (heat map: red—dense methylation; white—no methylation). f In silico analysis of TCGA data reveals frequent hypermethylation of the CD38 locus. Correlation plots of log2 mRNA expression (based on RNA-seq, RSEM z-scores) and methylation levels (based on Infinium Human Methylation 450k BeadChip analysis) in 333 primary prostate cancer samples