Fig. 1

PC and PE synthesis is downregulated in IDHmut glioma cells. a Metabolic pathways of choline and ethanolamine phospholipid metabolism in mammalian cells. CK, choline kinase; EK, ethanolamine kinase; CCT, CTP:PC cytidylyltransferase; ECT, CTP:PE cytidylyltransferase; CHPT, choline phosphotransferase; EHPT, ethanolamine phosphotransferase; PLA2, phospholipase A2; Lyso-PL, lyso-phospholipase. Straight lines represent the phospholipid synthetic pathways while dotted lines represent the degradation pathways. b Representative ³¹P-MR spectra of the aqueous fraction of cell extracts in the NHA model. Pi, inorganic phosphate; ATP, adenosine triphosphate. PC (c) and PE (d) levels in the NHA model. e Representative ¹³C-MR spectra showing the build-up of [1-¹³C]-PC, [2-¹³C]-PC, [1-¹³C]-PE, and [2-¹³C]-PE over 48 h in live NHAIDHmut cells in an MR-compatible bioreactor. Representative non-linear kinetic fits of de novo synthesis of [1-¹³C]-PC (f) and [2-¹³C]-PE (g) in the NHA model