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Table 1 Overview of drugs, currently in clinical development

From: Novel drugs that target the metabolic reprogramming in renal cell cancer

Drug

Target

Clinical stage

RCC

2DG

Glucose

Phase 2

n.a.

Lonidamine

HK

Phase 2

Negative

Dichloroacetate (DCA)

PDK

Phase 3

n.a.

Polyphenon E

LDH-A

Phase 1

n.a.

FK866

GAPDH

Phase 1

n.a.

AT-101

LDH-A

Phase 2

n.a.

PEG-ADI

Arginase 1

Phase 3

n.a.

Indoximod

LAT1

Phase 2

n.a.

Acivicin

Glutamine

Phase 2

Negative

6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON)

Glutamine

Phase 2

n.a.

Orlistat

FASN

Phase 1

n.a.

Metformin

GPDH

Phase 3

n.a.

NVP-BEZ235

PI3K/mTOR

Phase 2

n.a.

GDC-0980 (apitolisib)

PI3K/mTOR

Phase 2

n.a.

SF1126

PI3K

Phase 1

n.a.

BYL719

P110a

Phase 2

n.a.

MLN1117

P110a

Phase 2

n.a.

AZD8186

p110β

Phase 1

n.a.

GSK2636771

p110β

Phase 2

n.a.

SAR260301

p110β

Phase 1

n.a.

Perifosine

Akt

Phase 2

Negative

MK-2206

Akt

Phase 2

n.a.

GSK690693

Akt

Phase 1

n.a.

GDC-0068

Akt

Phase 2

n.a.

BEZ235

PI3K/mTOR

Phase 2

n.a.

XL765

PI3K/mTOR

Phase 1

n.a.

GDC0890

PI3K/mTOR

Phase 2

n.a.

GSK1059615

PI3K/mTOR

Phase 1

n.a.

AZD8055

mTORC1/2

Phase 1

n.a.

AZD2014

mTORC1/2

Phase 2

Negative