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Figure 5 | Cancer & Metabolism

Figure 5

From: Separation of metabolic supply and demand: aerobic glycolysis as a normal physiological response to fluctuating energetic demands in the membrane

Figure 5

Compartmentation of metabolic pathways in different sites in the cell. (A) Simulation results demonstrating the decline of ATP due to a step-wise increase in demand at the cell membrane depending on the localization of the ATP-producing enzymes in the glycolytic pathway. To maintain the ATP concentration above the 90% threshold observed experimentally, the simulations demonstrate the source of ATP production must be concentrated next to the cell membrane. Immunocytochemical images of (B) pyruvate kinase, (C) phosphoglycerate kinase, (D) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and (E) mitochondria in HMEC cells, demonstrating distinctive peripheral and distinct perinuclear distribution of the pathways respectively (blue, nuclei staining).

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