Figure 5
PDK4 -low is associated with poor prognosis in human NSCLC, and PDK4 is frequently downregulated in human cancer. (A) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of three independent lung adenocarcinoma patient cohorts shows that PDK4-low expression is associated with poor prognosis. Patients were stratified into PDK4-high (blue line, PDK4 expression above median) and PDK4-low (red line, PDK4 expression below median). Cox hazard ratios of both the individual studies and the meta-analysis of all three studies together are shown. (B) PDK4 mRNA levels in normal tissue, adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung. The data are from RNA-seq analysis of the TCGA NSCLC samples. Data are plotted as mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01. (C) PDK4 mRNA levels in multiple cancer types and their corresponding normal tissues from the Gene Logic database. The fold-change between the mean tumor and the mean normal tissue expression is shown in the bar plot on a log2-transformed scale. Significance was determined using a two-tailed t-test. Expression levels are shown in the boxplot on a log2-transformed scale, with display of the median expression level. The box represents 25–75 % percentile. For all indications shown in C, p < 0.05.