Figure 5

Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) inhibitor induces profound metabolic changes in Snu398, but not HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cells were treated with 10 μM of Compound 2 or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control for 24 h and whole-cell extracts and conditioned media were subjected to mass spectrometry analysis of over 500 metabolites. Changes in ion counts observed in the whole-cell extracts in select intermediates of cytosolic glycolysis (A), citric acid cycle (B), and carnitine metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway (C) are shown. Data are presented as means ± standard error SE of five replicates per condition, ^*P ≤0.001. Changes in all other metabolites in both cell lines and conditioned media are presented in Additional file 3.